Resistor: Limits or resists the flow of electric current.
Diode: Allows current to flow in one direction only.
Capacitor: Stores electrical energy in an electric field.
Variable Resistor (Potentiometer)：A resistor whose resistance can be manually changed
DC Supply Voltage (Battery)：Provides a direct current (DC) voltage source.
AC Supply Voltage： alternating current power generation/distribution.
LED (Light Emitting Diode)：A diode that emits light when current flows through it.
Inductor：Stores energy in a magnetic field when current flows through it.
Ground： A common reference point in an electrical circuit, often connected to the earth for safety and stability.